Mineral-crystal watches
References in the Grail Atlas catalog with this crystal material above the dial.
Mineral crystal is hardened glass, typically tempered, sometimes laminated, and sits between acrylic and sapphire on both hardness (Vickers ~500) and shatter resistance. It is the convention for entry-tier watches under $300: most Casio analogs, lower-tier Seiko 5 references, and many Citizen Eco-Drive watches. Mineral scratches more visibly than sapphire and does not polish as cleanly as acrylic. Almost no luxury or even mid-tier reference still uses mineral crystal as standard.
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